# Answer.AI - Practical AI R&D Answer.AI is a new kind of AI R&D lab which creates practical end-user products based on foundational research breakthroughs. To learn more about the research agenda and background behind our work, see our launch post and an independent analysis of our lab. See below for a complete list of published articles. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ### /llms.txt—a proposal to provide information to help LLMs use websites We propose that those interested in providing LLM-friendly content add a /llms.txt file to their site. This is a markdown file that provides brief background information and guidance, along with links to markdown files providing more detailed information. Sep 3, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### Small but Mighty: Introducing answerai-colbert-small Say hello to answerai-colbert-small-v1, a tiny ColBERT model that punches well above its weight. Aug 13, 2024 Benjamin Clavié ### How HTMX is Revolutionizing Web Development — Interview with Carson Gross We recently sat down with Carson Gross, the creator of HTMX, to discuss how it’s changing the web. Aug 4, 2024 Elizabeth Creason ### FastHTML: Modern web applications in pure Python FastHTML is a new way to create modern interactive web apps. It scales down to a 6-line python file, and scales up to complex production apps. Aug 3, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### JaColBERTv2.5🇯🇵: Optimising Retrieval Training for Lower-Resources Languages Introducing JaColBERTv2.5🇯🇵, the new best Japanese retrieval model. Through this release, we present a thorough analysis to better understand what helps in training a good multi-vector retrieval model. Aug 2, 2024 Benjamin Clavié ### Cold-Compress 1.0: A Hackable Toolkit for KV-Cache Compression Blog Answer.AI is proud to publicly release **Cold Compress 1.0** , a toolkit for creating and benchmarking state-of-the-art KV cache compression methods. Built on top of GPT-Fast, it…\*\* **\*\*\*\***\*\*\*\***\*\*\*\***\*\*\*\*\_\_\*\* Aug 1, 2024 Griffin Adams, Faisal Ladhak ### Faith and Fate: Transformers as fuzzy pattern matchers Are GPT-like models thinking? Unclear. But the *Faith and Fate* paper (Dziri, 2023) points out they are often “just” pattern matching. Jul 25, 2024 Alexis Gallagher ### gpu.cpp: portable GPU compute for C++ with WebGPU We’re thrilled to announce the release of gpu.cpp. gpu.cpp is a lightweight, open-source library that makes portable GPU compute with C++ simple. Jul 13, 2024 Austin Huang ### Politicians can’t change math It is not possible to provide assurance that a released model can’t be used to cause harm, because a released model can be changed. Jun 28, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### A little pooling goes a long way for multi-vector representations We’re releasing an early version of a simple token pooling trick for ColBERT. This allows for considerable memory&disk footprint reduction with very minimal retrieval… Jun 27, 2024 Benjamin Clavié ### A new kind of literate program – Claudette Claudette is the first ever ‘literate nbdev’ project. Its source is a rendered Notebook with callout notes and tips, HTML tables and images, detailed explanations. It explains how and why the code is written the way it is, along with how to use the libraries it depends on. Jun 23, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### Introducing Claudette, a new friend that makes Claude 3.5 Sonnet even nicer Today, Anthropic launched the most powerful language model available: Claude 3.5 Sonnet. And today, we are making it ever better, with the launch of *Claudette*. Jun 21, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### The definition of ‘Artificial Intelligence’ in SB 1047 was actually meant for systems, not models SB 1047 defines “AI Model” using a definition designed for “AI Systems”, and as a result fails to cover anything. Jun 19, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### What policy makers need to know about AI (and what goes wrong if they don’t) Policy makers need to understand how AI really works. Otherwise bills like SB 1047 totally fail to achieve their stated goals. Jun 17, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### More=Better? In this post I want to share a few quick experiments to show something that is both obvious and also perhaps underappreciated: you can get a sizeable quality boost from a… May 17, 2024 Jonathan Whitaker ### SB-1047 will stifle open-source AI and decrease safety By imposing the restrictions on open-source AI, SB-1047 could reduce AI safety, through reducing transparency, collaboration, diversity, and resilience. Apr 29, 2024 Jeremy Howard ### Efficient finetuning of Llama 3 with FSDP QDoRA We’re releasing FSDP QDoRA, a scalable and memory-efficient method to close the gap between parameter efficient finetuning and full finetuning. Apr 22, 2024 Kerem Turgutlu ### A few tips for working on high-surface-area problems What do you do when there are too many pieces to fit in your head? A few tips for working on things that involve a lot of moving pieces, that have a high “surface area”. Apr 12, 2024 Johno Whitaker ### Enabling 70B Finetuning on Consumer GPUs A Technical Deep Dive into FSDP+QLoRA A detailed guide for adding FSDP and QLoRA support to quantization libraries and training frameworks. Mar 14, 2024 Benjamin Warner, Johno Whitaker, Kerem Turgutlu ### You can now train a 70b language model at home We’re releasing an open source system, based on FSDP and QLoRA, that can train a 70b model on two 24GB GPUs. Mar 6, 2024 ### Lessons from history’s greatest R&D labs A historical analysis of what the earliest electrical and great applied R&D labs can teach Answer.AI, and potential pitfalls Jan 26, 2024 Eric Gilliam ### A new old kind of R&D lab Answer.AI will figure out the fundamental research needed to tame AI, and the development path needed to make it useful in practice Dec 12, 2023 Jeremy Howard A new old kind of R&D lab Answer.AI will figure out the fundamental research needed to tame AI, and the development path needed to make it useful in practice